The name "Bosnia" is first mentioned in 958, in De Administrando Imperio, a geopolitical work written by the Byzantine Emperor Constantine VII. Bosnia takes its name from "Horion Bosona", which in the old language means "land of good people". Following the Dayton Agreement, the areas of the entities are as follows: the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina 26,345 km² (51.46%), Republika Srpska 24,840 km² (48.52%) and Brčko District 12 km² (0.02%).
Bosnia and Herzegovina has a predominantly continental climate. Temperatures rise as high as 30 °C in July and August, the hottest months, while the coldest days come in December and January, when temperatures can drop to -20 °C. The country receives plenty of rain in all four seasons; the wettest month is June (110–115 mm) and the driest is December (40–70 mm). The southwest of the country and the Neretva Valley enjoy a Mediterranean climate, with orchards, vegetable gardens and vineyards. Livestock farming is practised throughout the country.
Its main rivers are the Una, Sana, Drina, Sava, Bosna, Vrbas and the Neretva, which flows beneath Mostar's Old Bridge. Its main natural resources are coal, iron, bauxite, manganese, forests, copper, chromium, zinc, lead, salt, barite, asbestos, kaolin and gypsum. Arable land makes up 14% of the country, pastures and meadows 20%, forests and woodland 39%, and other land 27%.
